Mixing and kneading machine



F. AESCHBACH.

MIXING AND KNEADING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.14, 1919.

1,336,878. Patented Apr. 13, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

F. AESCHBACH.

MIXING AND KNEADING MACHINE. APPLICATIQN man APR.14, f919.

Patented Apr. 13, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

F. AESCHBACH. Mlxr/NG AND NE/mme MACHINE.

nFPLlCATlGN FILED APR.14, 1919.

Patented Apr. 13, 1920 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

FME.

FRXEDRCH AESCHBACH, 0F AARAU, SWITZERLAND.

MIXING AND Knnenrnerisentire.

Application leil April lll, 1919.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that l, FRIEDRICH Ansonnxon, a citizen of 'the Republic ofSwitzerland, residing at Aarau, Switzerland, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Mixing and Kneading Machines; and l do herebydeclare the following -to be a clear. full, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to letters or f igures of reference markedthereon, which form a part of this speciiication. l

This invention relates to improvements 1n machines for kneading andmixing dough, paste and the like, comprising a movable receptacle forholding the material to be mixed and a rotary dasher adapted to bepivoted about an axis.

The kneading and mixing machines hitherto proposed are fitted withdashers of relatively small size, so that they are only adapted to mixand knead simultaneously a small port-ion of the whole content of thereceptacle.

lt has been attempted to remedy this drawback by providing the mixingand kneading machines with dashers adapted to rotate on an inclinedaxis; These machines comprise a vertical receptacle for holding the massto be treated having substantially a cylindrical shape and one or moredashers. In none of these machines the axis or fthe axes on which thedashers rotate cut however the axis of the receptacle. In consequence ofthis, the range of action of the dashers of such machines is also not sogreat as one would like to have and the dashers cannot be so designed asto be able to touch a portion of the inner surface of the receptaclewhen they rotate on the-inclined axis, so that they are not able toremove rapidly enough the wet flour adhering to the receptacle before itbecomes hard. As a result of this, the formation of lumps of flourcannot be prevented. l

The object of this invention is now to provide a mixing and kneadingmachine with a rotary dasher havinga very great range of action and inwhich the dasher is adapted to remove any iour particles adhering to theinner surface of the receptacle for holding the mass to be mixed andkneaded. To this end the machine according to this invention comprises arotatable receptacle having an Specification of Letters Eatent.

Patented Apr. itl-5, Q;

Serial lo. 290,022.

proiie of the dasher corresponds thereby to a portion of the innerprofile of the receptacle and the arrangement is such that said dashertouches upon its rotation a portion of the inner surface of thereceptacle from which it removes all adhering particles, 'so

that any formation of lumps of flour on said surface is prevented.

A further object' of this invention is to provide means permitting aneasy and rapid charging and discharging of the receptacle holding themass to be treated.

The invention further consists in the peculiar construction, arrangementand combination of parts, as hereinafter claimed and described.

rlhis invention will now be more particularly described with referenceto the accompanying drawings illustrating by way of example two modes ofcarrying out the invention. ln these drawings:

Figure l is a vertical section through a Iirst embodiment of a mixingand kneading machine.

B Fig. 2 is a section on the line H H'of *ig. 3 is a section on the lineIll- III of Fig. l and Y Fig. 4. is a section on the line IV-IV of Fig.l.

Fig. 5 is a side view corresponding to Fig. i A

Fig. 6 is a front view and Fig. 7 aA corresponding side view of a secondembodiment of the invention.

Referring at first to Figs, 1-:5'of the drawings, l denotes the frame ofthe machine provided on each side with a guide rail 2 for the wheels 3of a carriage frame 4 of the movable receptacle 5. When the wheels 3 aremoved onto said rail/s 2, the latter act as a support for there/ceptacle 5 holding the material to be vmixed and kneaded and adaptedto rotate on the inclined axis M 14. 6 denotes a bolt adapted to engagea pawl 7 fixed to the frame l of the machine in order to prevent thecarriage frame 4 vfrom any further movement when it has been broughtinto the proper working position. yl`he receptacle 5 has in theembodillO i 1ov the main driving shaft 2 mentv shown for .instance theshape of a ,truncated cone and it is rotatably mounted in the bearing.of the carriage frame 4. The receptacle 5 has a 'rim of teeth 9engagingwith a worm '10 which 1s xed to a shaftv 11 carrying a pulley12. The latter receives its motion from a pully 13 fixed to 2'. hearrangement is such that the receptacle 5 is caused to rotate always inthe same direction on the axis 14-14.

15 designates a casing provided von the frame 1 ofthe machine andadapted to re, ceive the driving mechanism for the mixing or'kneadingwing or dasher. The arrangement of said casingcl provided wlth aremovable cover 16 on the frame 1 is such 'that-it is adapted to beswung together with the driving mechanism and the dasher in twodirections about the axis of the main driving shaft 22, so that thedasher can be lifted and vthen again lowered when the carriage frame 4together with. the receptacle 5 has to be moved onto-or down the rails2. To this end the casing 15 comprises two hub-like projecting portions17 and'18 (Fig. 4) rotatably mounted in the .arms 19 ofthe frame 1. .Ineach of said ex-l tensions 17 and 18 is mounted a sleeve 20 and 21respectively; these sleeves 20, 21 act as bearings for the main drivingshaft 22. To the projecting portion 18 1s xed a toothed sector 23engaging with a worm 24 mounted on a shaft 25 carried by the frame 1 andadapted to be rotated by hand by means of the wheel 26 :lixed to it.

The top end 27 of the receptacle 15 is provided with a hub-likeextension 29 andthe bottom end 28 with a hub-like extension 30respectively. vThese extensions 29, 30 are provided for the drivingshaft 31 of the dasher. To this shaft 3l is keyed a clutch member 34adapted to be moved in the longiw tudinal direction of said shaft 3l bymeans of a pivotally mounted lever 35. On each side of the sleeve likemember 34 is mounted loose on the shaft 31 a toothed wheel 36 and 37respectively provided with coupling claws which are adapted'to bebrought intomesh with corresponding claws of the clutch member 34. i

The e'nd walls 27 and 28 of the casing 15 support a journal 38 on whichare loosely mounted three toothed wheels rigidly connected together. Oneof these wheels, z'. e. the wheel 39 having the shape of a worm wheelmeshes with a worm 40 mounted on the main driving shaft 22, while theremaining two wheels 41 and 42 cooperate with the toothed wheels 36 and37 respectively loose on the shaft 31, the wheel 42 meshingl directlywith the toothed wheel 37 and the assenza casing 15. The toothed wheels41 and 42 have approximately the same diameter, while the wheel 37 islarger than the wheel 36.R

The axis 45-45 of the driving shaft 31 of the dasher cuts the axis 14-14of the receptacle and it incloses in its workmg position together withsaid axis 14-14 an acute angle a which as a rule does not exceed 40.

The mixing and kneading wing or dasher comprises two arms 32 xed to itsdriving shaft 31 by means of bolts 33. Each of these arms 32 is providedwith an extension 46. As shown in Fig. 1, the shape of the arms 32 isadapted to the inclined wall of the receptacle 5 and the shape of theextensions 46 to that of the concave bottom 47 of the receptacle 5, sothat in the position of the parts shown' in Fig. 1 corresponding totheir working position, the revolving arms 32 as well as the extensions46 of the dasher come to lie snugly against -a portion of the lateralwall and a portion of the bottom 47 respectively of the receptacle 5.

The shape, i. e. the position of the arms 32 relatively to theaxis45--45 of the dasher depends on the angle a and on the slant of theconical receptacle 5. The range of action of the dasher is determined bythe distance of the point 48, at which an arm 32 5 the greatest range ofaction.

The working and operation of the described improved mixing and kneadingmachine is as follows:

When the main driving shaft 22 rotates in a certain. direction, thetoothed wheels 41 and 42 are caused to rotate for instance in aclockwise direction. During the first period of the kneading operation,z'. e. when the dough has to be mixed, the dasher must rotate at a highspeed and in the same direction as the receptacle 5 in order to subjectthe mass contained Vin the latter to a strong squeezing and jammingaction. To this end the clutch member 34 is caused to engage the toothedwheel 36 so that the dasher rotateshat a certain speed in a clockwisedirection. A The receptacle 5 rotates in the same direction. Owing tothe peculiar arrangement of the axes 14-14y and 45-45 with regard to oneanother and to the peculiar shape ofthe parts 32 and 46 ofthe dasher,the latter does not act only on single, relatively small portions of themass contained in the receptacle 5 but acts upon the greatest portion ofthemass on both sides of the axis 14-14,

geraete the quantity of the mass subjected to the mixing and kneading'action being conseguently much greater and the mixing be- 111g alsomuch more intimate than in any machine of this kind hitherto proposed.@wing to the revolving movement of the dasher on the inclined axis45-45, the kneading mass is also continually lifted and lowered, so thata mixing of the higher layers of the mass with the lower ones is alsoattained. The most intensive kneading or mixing action is obtained whenthe dasher approaches the lateral wall and the bottom 47 of thereceptacle 5 and chieiiy in its lowermcst position where it touches aportion of the lateral wall and of the bottom 47 of the receptacle. Thereason why a dasher having a relatively great diameter correspondingapproximately to the diameter of the bottom 47 of the receptacle can beused in a machine according to this inventio'n, is a consequence of thepeculiar arrangement of the axes 14-14 and 45-45 inclosing an acuteangle and cutting one another and to the conical shape of the truncatedreceptacle 5.

During the second period of the kneading operation, c'. e. when thedough has to be beaten and subjected to the final treatment, in whichcase the dough must be slowly drawn out and subjected to an aeratingaction, the clutch member 34 is brought into engagement with the toothedwheel 37. 1n this case the dasher is rotated in an anticlockwisedirection at a small velocity, so that the dasher and the receptacle arenow rotated in opposite direction.

Referring to the second embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs.6 and 7, 51 denotes the frame of the machine provided with two bearings52 for two horizontal journals 53. r1`he latter are formed integral withthe stirrup or frame 55 closed on all sides and provided with lahorizontal portion 56. The latter has in its middle a footstep-bearing57 -for the journal 58 of the receptacle 59 adapted to take up the massto be treated. 61 designates a bearing provided in the lower port-ion ofone of the lateral sides 60 of the stirrup 55 and adapted to receive ashaft 64. To the latter is fixed a bevel wheel 62 meshing with thetoothed rim 63 of the receptacle 59. The latter is arranged within thestirrup 55. T o the shaft 64 is fixed a toothed wheel 65 and it carriesalso a pivotally mounted casing 71 adapted to receive the toothed gear66, 67, 68 of which the toothed wheel 66 meshes with the toothed wheel65. @ne of the bearings 52 supports a rotatable shaft 54 carrying asmall toothed wheel 69 meshing with a toothed wheel 70 mounted in thecasing 71. The arrangement is such that when an oscillating movement isimparted to the casing 71, either the larger toothed wheel 66 or thesmaller wheel 68 respectively is caused to engage with the toothed wheel'70. '10 this end a double armed lever 7 2, 73 is pivotally connected tothe casing 71. The arm 72 of this lever carries a pin 74 adapted to bebrought 'into engagement with any one of three notches 75, 7 6, 77provided in a stationary member 78. The pin 74 can be secured in theproper position within one of said notches by means of a strong tensionspring 79 acting upon 'the second arm 73. rllhe second end of the spring79 is secured to the casing 71.

The shaft 54 carries besides a loose pulley 801 and a fast pulley 8O2 apulley 80 illustrated in Fig. 7 in point and dash lines and operativelyconnected to a pulley 81 mounted on a shaft 83 by means of a belt 82.The shaft 83 rests in a bearing 84 rigidly connected to the stirrup 55by means of a bracket 85. To one end of the shaft 83 is fixed a worm 86(Fig. 7).

The upper horizontal portion 87 of the stirrup 55 is fitted with abearing 88 for the driving shaft 89 carrying the lrneading and mixingwing or dasher 90. '10 said shaft is fixed a worm wheel 100 engagingwith the worm 86.

The bearings 57 and 88 are so arranged that the axis A-A about which thereceptacle 59 is adapted to rotate and the axis B-B of the shaft 89 arelying in a vertical plane and cut one another Within the receptacle 59at an acute angle, while the common axis of the journals 53 forms aright angle with said vertical plane.

Toan extension of one of the journals 53 is fixed a toothed segment 91meshing with a worm 92 adapted to be rotated by means of a hand wheel93. The shapes of the flasher 9() and of the receptacle 59 correspond tothose of the corresponding parts of the -first described construction.

When the receptacle 59 of the machine illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 hasto be charged or discharged the stirrup together with the system carriedb v it, c'. e. the recep Jacle 59, the dasher 90 and the driving membersmounted on the stirrup, is turned by means of the hand wheel 93 to therequired amount about the horizontal axis of the journals 53 (el. e. inthe direction of the arrow C of Fig. 7). When the receptacle 59 has beencharged or discharged the whole system is turned back into the workingposition, z'. e. into the position illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7. 1norder to beat or subject the dough used for bread making to a finaltreatment, the receptacle 59 is turned for instance somewhat moredownward in the direction of the arrow C than is the case when the doughhas to be mixed or kneaded, so that the height up to which the dough isparts 90 and 59 rotate in opposite direction,-

the action upon the mass to then greater.

The construction illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 presents the advanta ethat the receptacle 59 and dasher arran e at a fixed angle with regardto one anot er can be pivoted together about a horizontal axis andbrought e treated being into any desired inclined position in order` tofacilitate the charging and discharging of the receptacle 59.Compared-With mixingand kneading machinesprovided with receptaclesadapted to be moved on rails, the arrangement shown in Figs. 6 and 7olers the further advantages that no lifting and lowering of the dasherhas to be efected when the receptacle is moved into or out of theWorking position, that guidetracks or the like and any special lmeansfor lifting or tilting the receptacle in order that it may be charged ordischarged can be dispensed With. 1

What I claim now as my invention is:

l. In a mixing and kneading machine, an inclined receptacle Whose sideWalls and bottom are at an obtuse angle to one another, a revolublekneading and mixing dasher conforming to said angle, and the axis ofrevolution of the dasher and receptacle intersecting each other at anangle not exceeding 40.

2. In a mixing and kneading machine, a receptacle member and a rotatablemixing and kneading dasher member Whose axisof rotation is inclined toand intersects the axis of the receptacle member, separate means forrotating each member, and mechanism for reversing the direction ofrotation of one of said members.

3. In a mixing and. kneading machine, a

receptacle member and a rotatable mixing and kneading dasher memberWhose axis of rotation 4is mclined to and intersects the .mechanism forrotating sai 4. In a mixing and lm eadiilg machine, a

receptacle and a rotatable m1x1n and kneadthe direction of'rotaingdasher coperating with sai receptacle, g

means to maintain the axes of rotation of the receptacle and dasher infixed intersecting relation, mechanism for rotatiig the dasher,receptacle, power meanslcommon to said mechanisms and means to inclinethe receptacle and dasher as a unit at any desired angle.

5. In a'mixing and kneading machine, a rotatable receptacle and arotatable mixing and kneading dasher coperating with said receptacle,the axes of rotation of said dasherpand receptacleintersecting at a xedangle, and means to rotate the dasher and receptacle as a unit about anaxis perpendicular to the plane of said intersecting axes.

6. In a mixing and kneading machine, a closed stirrup or frame, areceptacle mounted in said frame a mixing and kneading dasher alsorotatably mounted in the frame, the axes of rotation of said dasher andreceptacle intersecting and lying in a vertical plane, means to pivotthe frame at right angles to said plane and means to tilt the frame.

7T. In a mixing and kneading machine, a rotatable receptacle member. arotatable mixing and kneading'dasher member'whose axis o rotationintersects that of the receptacle member, a reversing driving mechanismfor one of said members, the inclination Within limits of the lattermember causing a disconnection and subsequent reversal of the drivingmechanism and vice versa.

8. In a mixing and kneading machine, a rotatable receptacle member, arotatable mixing and kneading dasher member Whose.

axis of rotation intersects that of the receptacle member, a reversingdriving mechanism for one of said members, the-inclination Within limitsof the latter member causing a disconnection and subsequent reversalv ofthe driving mechanism and vice versa, and independent mechanism to tiltboth members as a unit.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed mname.

. FRIEDRICH AEsoHiaAoH.

